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Direct Speech
Definition :
Direct speech : shows a person’s exact words. Quotation marks (“. . .”) are a sign that the words are the same words that a person used.
The significance of punctuation
—When translating a Latin sentence you should always firstly note whether any words are in inverted commas
—If there are no inverted commas then the sentence is in the …
—NARRATIVE and life is relatively simple
—However, if there is direct speech it is necessary to look out for certain bits of grammar which are not so common, or never feature in the narrative.
Example :
}Maria: Where are you going?
}John: I’m going home.
Direct Speech Grammar :
}The grammar you should be looking out for in direct speech inclides :
}The Imperative
}Direct Questions
}The Vocative Case
Direct Question :
}Questions are sentences which seek information. They fall into three main types, depending on the kind of reply they expect, and on how they are constructed. Sentences formed in these ways are said to have an interrogative structure.
Yes-no questions allow an affirmative or negative reply, often just yes or no. The subject follows a verb (the 'auxiliary'). Will Michael resign?
Ex : Are they ready?
Yes-no questions allow an affirmative or negative reply, often just yes or no. The subject follows a verb (the 'auxiliary'). Will Michael resign?
Ex : Are they ready?
}Wh- questions allow a reply from a wide range of possibilities. They begin with a question word, such as what, why, where, or how. Where are you going?
Ex : Why didn't he answer?
Ex : Why didn't he answer?
}Alternative questions require a reply which relates to the options given in the sentence. They always contain the connecting word or. Ex : Will you travel by train or by boat?
The Imperative :
}An imperative is that part of a verb used in direct speech when an ordes is being given. The following are imperatives in English
}“hurry!” “stay!” “work!”
}An imperative is that part of a verb used in direct speech when an ordes is being given. The following are imperatives in English
}“hurry!” “stay!” “work!”
The Vocative Case :
¨The vocative case is one of the 4 main cases in modern English. The vocative case is used to indicate direct address (i.e., talking to somebody directly). Names in the vocative case are offset using commas.
Example :
-Where have you been, Charlie?
—-Jonathan, do not forget your shower gel.
—-And that, your Honour, concludes our case.
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